Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)

Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but devastating brain infection caused by a microscopic amoeba called Naegleria fowleri. Often referred to as the “brain-eating amoeba”, this organism is typically found in warm freshwater environments like lakes, rivers, and hot springs.

How does PAM occur?

PAM occurs when contaminated water enters the body through the nose. The amoeba then travels to the brain, where it causes severe inflammation and rapid tissue damage.

Symptoms of PAM

Symptoms of PAM typically begin within one to nine days after infection and worsen rapidly. They include:

• Severe headache
• Fever
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stiff neck
• Seizures
• Hallucinations
• Coma

Treatment and Prevention

PAM is a rapidly progressing disease with a very high fatality rate. While there is no specific treatment, supportive care in a hospital setting is crucial.