About Sonobuoys : What is Undersea Domain Awareness (UDA) ?

In a landmark development, India and the United States have announced a collaboration to co-produce sonobuoys, advanced underwater detection devices crucial for anti-submarine warfare and Undersea Domain Awareness (UDA). The initiative, part of an evolving defense partnership, aims to bolster the capabilities of the Indian Navy while enhancing interoperability between the two nations’ forces.

About Sonobuoys:

1. Definition:
   Sonobuoys are small, expendable underwater acoustic devices used for detecting submarines and monitoring undersea activities.
2. Functions:
   • Deployed from aircraft or ships into the sea.
   • Equipped with:
     • Hydrophone: Captures underwater acoustic signals.
     • Radio Transmitter: Sends data via Very High Frequency (VHF) or Ultra High Frequency (UHF) for real-time analysis.
   • Crucial for anti-submarine warfare and Undersea Domain Awareness (UDA).

Significance of the Collaboration:

1. Strategic Importance:
   • Counters China’s growing presence and activities in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), including its large submarine fleet (estimated 65 vessels).
   • Enhances India’s ability to monitor underwater threats and secure maritime trade routes.
2. Defense Partnership:
   • Marks a first-of-its-kind co-production initiative between India and the US.
   • Reflects deepening strategic and defense alignment between the two nations.
3. Technology and Manufacturing:
   • Partnership between Ultra Maritime (US) and Bharat Dynamics Limited (India).
   • Supports technology transfer and boosts India’s domestic manufacturing under the Make in India initiative.
   • Devices expected to be operational by 2027.
4. Regional Security and Stability:
   • Provides India with robust undersea detection capabilities, ensuring the safety of critical maritime infrastructure.
   • Contributes to regional peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific.